Which authority has jurisdiction over international aviation disputes?

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has jurisdiction over international aviation disputes as it is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, tasked with settling disputes between states in accordance with international law. The ICJ adjudicates cases that can involve treaty interpretations, breaches of international obligations, and various other disputes that might relate to international aviation law. This includes disputes arising from conventions and treaties that govern international aviation standards and regulations.

In contrast, the International Aviation Organization (IAO) does not have judicial authority but rather serves as a specialized agency of the United Nations to develop international civil aviation standards and policies. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a regulatory body within the United States, focused on domestic aviation safety and regulations and does not have jurisdiction over international disputes. Lastly, while the World Trade Organization (WTO) deals with trade-related disputes between nations, its focus is not specifically on aviation but rather on trade agreements and practices. Therefore, the correct association of authority to adjudicate international aviation disputes rests with the ICJ, as it is capable of addressing the legal dimensions of conflicts between sovereign states in this area.