What is a primary function of a ground proximity warning system (GPWS)?

Study for the Air Law Practice Exam. Use flashcards, multiple choice questions, hints, and explanations. Prepare thoroughly for your test!

A ground proximity warning system (GPWS) is specifically designed to enhance flight safety by alerting pilots of potential terrain conflicts. Its primary function is to warn pilots when an aircraft is at risk of inadvertently flying into the ground or a mountain. This capability is critical in preventing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) accidents, which can occur when pilots are unaware of their altitude relative to the surrounding ground, especially during approaches or landings.

GPWS operates by comparing the aircraft's altitude and descent rate to a database of terrain and elevation data. If the system detects that the aircraft is getting too close to the ground or a terrain obstacle, it activates audio and visual alerts to prompt the pilots to take corrective actions.

This system significantly improves situational awareness in all visibility conditions, particularly in low visibility scenarios where pilots might not visually perceive hazards. The focus on preventing terrain conflict is what distinguishes GPWS from other systems that manage different aspects of flight operations, such as navigation, fuel efficiency, or baggage handling.

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