What does "air traffic rights" refer to?

Air traffic rights specifically refer to the privileges granted to airlines to operate flights between different countries. These rights are essential for international aviation and are determined through bilateral or multilateral agreements between countries.

When a country allows an airline from another country to land at its airports or to fly over its territory, it is granting those air traffic rights. This system ensures that airlines can conduct international operations legally and efficiently, facilitating global connectivity and commerce. Without established air traffic rights, airlines would face significant restrictions on their ability to operate in international markets.

The other choices, while related to aviation, do not accurately reflect the definition of air traffic rights. Restrictions on passengers, regulations for safety distances, and guidelines for controlled airspace focus on different aspects of aviation operations, not the specific privileges related to international flight operations.